Welcome to the land of fire and ice, where the stunning glaciers in Iceland reign supreme. As these icy giants cover a whopping 11% of the country's land, their global significance cannot be understated.
Iceland's glaciers are not just massive; they're uniq--ue - boasting incredible accessibility and diverse formations that will leave you awestruck. But that's just the tip of the iceberg. Get ready to journey with us through the frosty heart of Iceland, where every crevice and ice cap tells a story that's millions of years old. Buckle up; it's going to be a glacial ride!
How Many Glaciers Are There in Iceland?
Iceland is known as the 'Land of Ice and Fire' for good reason, boasting over 269 glaciers! However, amongst these, there are 13 major glaciers in Iceland that cover about 11% of the country's land area.
These icy behemoths vary greatly in size and characteristics. Vatnajökull, the largest glacier not just in Iceland but in Europe, spreads over an area of 8,100 square kilometers (3,127 square miles). Langjökull, the second largest, features a unique system of ice tunnels.
One fascinating fact is that beneath many of the glaciers in Iceland, volcanic activity continues - a striking contrast of fire under ice. The variety and vastness of these glaciers make them a central part of Iceland's identity and a must-visit for any traveler.
Unveiling the 13 Major Glaciers of Iceland
Get ready to embark on an icy adventure as we unveil the names of the 13 major glaciers spread across the Land of Ice and Fire:
1. Vatnajökull: Iceland's Largest Glacier
Size: 8,300 square kilometers (3,205 square miles)
Location: South and East Iceland
Taking the spotlight as the largest glacier in Iceland, Vatnajökull covers an impressive 8% of the country's landmass, making it an unmissable spectacle for any visitor. Famed for its breathtaking views, stunning blue ice caves, and serene glacial lagoons, it offers an experience truly worthy of its crown.
These unique ice caves, sculpted by winter meltwater, radiate a mesmerizing blue hue as the ice absorbs the spectrum's colors. While snowmobiling tours offer a thrilling glide over miles of snow and ice, guided glacier walks cater to those seeking a more leisurely pace.
At the glacier's edge, the Jökulsárlón glacial lagoon presents a surreal vista filled with icebergs. It's a sight unlike any other and accessible via boat tours or on foot. Indeed, Vatnajökull is not just a glacier; it's the epitome of the icy magic that defines the glaciers in Iceland.
2. Langjökull: The Second Largest of Iceland's Glaciers
Size: 953 square kilometers (368 square miles)
Location: West Iceland
Langjökull, the second-largest glacier in Iceland, beckons adventurers with its rugged terrain and stunning views. This icy Titan offers an array of exploration options, from exhilarating snowmobile tours to immersive glacier walks in Iceland.
Year-round guided snowmobile tours let you race over the snowy expanses, providing a thrilling perspective of the icy landscape. For a more intimate encounter, equip yourself with crampons and embark on a glacier hike to appreciate the intricate ice formations and breathtaking surroundings.
The pièce de résistance of Langjökull is the man-made ice tunnel. This 500-meter-long (1,640 feet)engineering marvel plunges to a depth of 30 meters (98 feet) into the glacier, revealing its hidden heart. Guided tours of the tunnel provide riveting insights into the glacier's history and geology, offering a unique education in the midst of an unforgettable adventure.
3. Hofsjökull: The Third Largest Glacier in Iceland
Size: 925 square kilometers (357 square miles)
Location: Central Iceland
Situated in the heart of Iceland's central highlands, Hofsjökull, the third-largest glacier in Iceland, is a must-visit for those who embark on glacier trips in Iceland. This icy marvel offers a plethora of experiences to amaze and educate explorers.
With a private tour and experienced glacier guides, visitors can hike the frosty landscapes, delve into intriguing ice caves, or even partake in ice climbing. Serendipitously located close to the vibrant Kerlingarfjöll mountain range, known for its stunning colors and geothermal activity, Hofsjökull's vicinity presents a contrasting spectrum of natural beauty for visitors.
A network of inviting trails leads the way through Kerlingarfjöll's geothermal phenomenon, while nearby hot springs offer the perfect spot for relaxation and a unique chance to witness water eruptions up close. Do not miss the opportunity to enjoy a dip in these naturally occurring hot springs, capping off a memorable day of exploration.
4. Mýrdalsjökull: The Fourth-Largest Glacier in the Land of Fire and Ice
Size: 596 square kilometers (230 square miles)
Location: South Iceland
Mýrdalsjökull Glacier, one of the most active and perilous glaciers in Iceland, offers an adventure that's as thrilling as it is challenging. Despite the risks, it provides an unforgettable experience for those who dare to explore its icy expanse.
A highlight of Mýrdalsjökull is the Katla ice cave tour. This mesmerizing natural formation is accessible only in winter and under the guidance of a licensed professional. The glacier is also a favored spot for snowmobiling, where visitors can enjoy breathtaking views of the Icelandic landscape.
Nearby attractions include the dramatic black sand beaches of Vik and the majestic Skógafoss waterfall. Situated atop the active Katla volcano, Mýrdalsjökull ranks as one of Iceland's most dangerous glaciers. Visitors are strongly advised to explore with a licensed guide equipped with suitable gear and clothing and to stay informed about volcanic activity conditions for a safe and exhilarating experience on this remarkable glacier.
5. Drangajökull: The Isolated Enigma of Iceland's Glaciers
Size: 160 square kilometers (62 square miles)
Location: Westfjords
Drangajökull Glacier, nestled in the remote Westfjords region, is a unique glacier in Iceland. Among the country's smallest glaciers, it offers a secluded and intimate experience, away from the more frequented icy attractions. This glacier is a haven for those seeking solitude and unspoiled natural beauty.
Exploration of Drangajökull can be done through hiking, with options for guided tours or solo adventures. The hike up the glacier unveils stunning views of the surrounding mountains, fjords, and intricate ice formations. A hidden gem near Drangajökull is Krossneslaug, an isolated hot spring set against a backdrop of the ocean and mountains, offering a serene and picturesque setting.
Drangajökull is ideal for those looking for a unique, off-the-beaten-path experience. Its remote location and rugged terrain provide a glimpse into Iceland's untouched wilderness. However, due to its isolation, visitors must be well-prepared and self-sufficient, equipped with appropriate gear and clothing.
The environment around the glacier is delicate, and it's crucial for visitors to tread lightly, ensuring their presence leaves no trace on this pristine natural wonder.
6. Eyjafjallajökull: The Infamous Ice and Fire Spectacle
Size: 78 square kilometers (30 square miles)
Location: South Iceland
Eyjafjallajökull Glacier is infamous for its 2010 eruption that dramatically disrupted air travel. Yet, this glacier remains a fascinating destination for glacier walks in Iceland. Tours to Eyjafjallajökull often lead to the glacier's edge, offering visitors a unique insight into the aftermath of its notorious eruption.
Nearby, the Seljalandsfoss waterfall stands as a popular attraction, with a hiking trail that winds behind the waterfall, providing a unique perspective. Other attractions in close proximity include the striking black sand beaches of Vik and the magnificent Skógafoss waterfall.
However, it's important to remember that exploring ice caves comes with risks. Visitors should always be accompanied by a licensed professional and be properly equipped with the necessary gear and clothing for a safe and memorable adventure on this iconic Icelandic glacier.
7. Þórisjökull: The Lesser-Known Beauty
Þórisjökull: 32 square kilometers (12 square miles)
Location: West Iceland
Þórisjökull adds a unique chapter to the story of glacier trips in Iceland. This lesser-known glacier may not be on every tourist's radar, but it offers an experience that's as captivating as it is unique. For an adrenaline-fueled adventure, helicopter tours over Þórisjökull provide an unforgettable journey across its icy landscape, unveiling stunning views of mountains and valleys below.
For those who prefer to explore on foot, hiking trails around Þórisjökull promise breathtaking vistas of the glacier and its surrounding natural beauty. These trails, while offering incredible sights, require proper gear and caution due to the challenging terrain.
The glacier's location near renowned attractions like the Hraunfossar waterfalls and Langjökull Glacier further enriches the Icelandic adventure. However, visitors should note that Þórisjökull's unpredictable terrain and rapidly changing weather conditions demand thorough preparation. Ensuring you have the right attire and guidance from licensed professionals is crucial for a safe and enjoyable experience on this remarkable Icelandic glacier.
8. Eiríksjökull: Iceland's Remarkable Table Mountain Glacier
Size: 22 square kilometers (8 square miles)
Location: West Iceland
Eiríksjökull is a hidden gem amongst the glaciers in Iceland. Tucked away in the west of the country, this smaller glacier offers a unique and secluded experience, away from the more frequented icy attractions.
Hiking Eiríksjökull is a popular way to immerse in its rugged beauty, where visitors can explore its challenging terrain and soak in the stunning views. Equipped with the right gear, including crampons and ice axes, adventurers can safely navigate this icy wonderland.
Nearby lies the picturesque Hvalfjörður fjord, a scenic spot featuring the impressive Glymur waterfall and the Whale Fjord Tunnel. Eiríksjökull's convenient location also makes it an ideal base for exploring other renowned attractions like Thingvellir National Park and the Hraunfossar waterfalls, offering a well-rounded Icelandic adventure that combines the tranquility of lesser-known glaciers with the grandeur of the country's famous landscapes.
9.
: The Eastern Jewel of Icelandic Glaciers
Size: 22 square kilometers (8 square miles)
Location: South Iceland
Þrándarjökull Glacier, nestled in the south of Iceland, is a hidden treasure on the map of glacier trips in Iceland. This lesser-known glacier may not have the fame of its larger counterparts, but it offers an equally captivating experience. A favorite amongst visitors is snowmobiling, with guided tours whisking adventurers across its icy expanse, providing an exhilarating way to explore while soaking in the stunning vistas.
For those seeking a closer look at the glacier's dynamic nature, some tours lead to the edge of Þrándarjökull, revealing the fascinating impact of its movements. Hiking is another popular way to experience this icy wonder, with nearby trails offering breathtaking views of the landscape. Equipped with essential gear like crampons and ice axes, hikers can safely navigate the glacier's terrain.
Þrándarjökull's location also makes it a perfect addition to a broader Icelandic journey, being close to other attractions like the Laki Craters and the Fjallabak Nature Reserve. This glacier is an ideal stop for those looking to delve into Iceland's diverse and awe-inspiring natural beauty.
10. Tindfjallajökull: A Dramatic Blend of Ice and Fire
Size: 19 square kilometers (7 square miles)
Location: South Iceland
Tindfjallajökull, a stratovolcano nestled in southern Iceland, perfectly embodies the country's reputation as the land of fire and ice. Standing at an elevation of 1,462 meters (4,797 feet), its prominent peak watches over a 19-square-kilometer (7 square miles) glacier, a vestige of past eruptions.
Tindfjallajökull has a storied geological history, erupting rocks of basaltic to rhyolitic composition. Impressively, an eruption around 54,000 years ago led to the formation of a 5-kilometer-wide (3-mile) caldera.
Despite its tumultuous past, the last known eruption likely occurred during the Holocene epoch, adding to its aura of quiet majesty. Existing as part of the geothermally active Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Tindfjallajökull is not just a breathtaking site but also a geological marvel.
11. Torfajökull: A Geothermal Paradise among Glaciers in Iceland
Size: 15 square kilometers (6 square miles)
Location: South Iceland
Situated in the southern central highlands, Torfajökull boasts unique landscapes and geothermal activities that draw a plethora of visitors. With hot springs, boiling mud pools, and geothermal vents decorating its vicinity, it offers an extraordinary hiking experience, though the journey demands suitable equipment such as crampons, ice axes, and ropes.
Adjacent to Torfajökull lies Landmannalaugar, a geothermal oasis that lures tourists to unwind in natural hot springs, hike the volcanic terrain, or simply admire the panoramic glacier views and surrounding mountains.
Additionally, the glacier's proximity to the Fjallabak Nature Reserve and the Skógafoss waterfall makes for a comprehensive Icelandic experience, intertwining the poetic serenity of nature with the raw thrill of glacial exploration.
12. Snæfellsjökull: The Iconic Glacier with a Mystical Aura
Size: 11 square kilometers (4 square miles)
Location: West Iceland
Snæfellsjökull, an iconic figure amongst the glaciers in Iceland, proudly stands on the Snæfellsnes Peninsula in Western Iceland. More than just a natural marvel, it's a symbol of Icelandic lore, famously featured in Jules Verne's 'Journey to the Center of the Earth.'
Hiking this glacier is a popular way to explore its breathtaking landscapes, from towering ice formations to mysterious caves, though it requires proper gear like crampons and ice axes.
Enveloped within Snæfellsjökull National Park, the glacier is surrounded by stunning landscapes, including lava fields and black sand beaches, and is a haven for wildlife.
Its location near attractions such as Stykkishólmur and the Hraunfossar waterfalls adds to its allure, making it a must-visit destination for those exploring Iceland's majestic glaciers.
13. Tungnafellsjökull: The Secluded Giant among Glaciers in Iceland
Size: 48 square kilometers (19 square miles)
Location: East Iceland
Tungnafellsjökull Glacier, an enigmatic gem in the list of glaciers in Iceland, is located in the southeast part of the country, nestled within the larger Vatnajökull Glacier. Though less frequented by tourists, it offers an unparalleled and unique experience of serenity amidst Iceland's icy landscapes.
Hiking and snowmobile tours are popular activities here, with guided tours navigating the ice formations, crevasses, and expansive icy terrains. Equipped with essential gear like crampons, ice axes, and ropes, adventurers can safely explore this icy wonder.
Its proximity to other attractions, such as the Jökulsárlón Glacier Lagoon and Diamond Beach, further enhances the appeal of Tungnafellsjökull, making for a comprehensive and rewarding Icelandic experience.
How Do Iceland's Glaciers Change in the Summer?
In summer, Iceland's glaciers undergo a remarkable transformation. The warmer temperatures cause increased melting, leading to the formation of new rivers and lakes on the glacier's surface. This seasonal change not only alters the glacier's appearance but also impacts its surrounding ecosystems and the overall landscape.
Why Are Glaciers In Iceland an Unforgettable Experience?
Exploring the glaciers in Iceland is an unforgettable journey into the heart of nature's majesty. Their breathtaking landscapes, storied geological history, and diverse activities form an experience that is both thrilling and enlightening.
To truly witness their awe-inspiring beauty and the surrounding attractions, consider renting a car in Iceland. This allows for flexibility and convenience, enriching your Icelandic adventure.